Câu 48: LSAT Section 1 Logical Reasoning: Section One Logical Reasoning

It is well known that many species adapt to their environment, but it is usually assumed that only the most highly evolved species alter their environment in ways that aid their own survival. However, this characteristic is actually quite common. Certain species of plankton, for example, generate a gas that is converted in the atmosphere into particles of sulfate. These particles cause water vapor to condense, thus forming clouds. Indeed, the formation of clouds over the ocean largely depends on the presence of these particles. More cloud cover means more sunlight is reflected, and so the Earth absorbs less heat. Thus plankton cause the surface of the Earth to be cooler and this benefits the plankton. Which one of the following accurately describes the argumentative strategy employed?

1. A. A general principle is used to justify a claim made about a particular case to which that principle has been shown to apply.
2. B. An explanation of how a controversial phenomenon could have come about is given in order to support the claim that this phenomenon did in fact come about.
3. C. A generalization about the conditions under which a certain process can occur is advanced on the basis of an examination of certain cases in which that process did occur.
4. D. A counterexample to a position being challenged is presented in order to show that this position is incorrect. — đáp án hiện tại
5. E. A detailed example is used to illustrate the advantage of one strategy over another.